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The agro-biodiversity and land restoration project (Ag-bio project) aims to mobilize agricultural biological resources to support targeted restoration interventions through diversifying farming systems and landscapes. The project builds on previous work of the two participating CGIAR Centers ICRAF and Bioversity, which independently assessed and promoted local fruit/nut tree species and crop varietal diversity, respectively, in several previous projects. For this project, specific sites have been jointly selected with national partners in Uganda and Ethiopia in areas where land degradation has occurred due to inappropriate land use practices, and where communities have been mobilized through earlier projects in diversifying their crop and food tree resources. A key component of the project will be based on working with national partners to support national and local systems’ ability to provide diverse and high quality planting material of suitable crop and food tree species/varieties, building on national partners’ community seed banks, seed networks and decentralized tree nurseries supported by Bioversity and ICRAF. Individually, Bioversity International has developed and tested gender-disaggregated participatory diagnostic approaches that link farmer knowledge and management practices to empirical field and laboratory trials to test and use crop genetic diversity to reduce the yield gap from biotic and a-biotic stresses. The ‘seeds for needs’ approach to manage climate related abiotic stresses was successfully implemented in the two target countries. The ‘seeds for needs’ method uses a citizen science approach to obtain feedback from a large number of farmers on performance of a large portfolio of varieties distributed and managed by the farmers themselves. Methods for identification of diversity in relation of pests and diseases have been successfully adopted in Uganda, showing the potential of genetic diversity to reduce pests and diseases pressure when grown in mixtures. Bioversity has developed and implemented gender sensitive methods to support farmer groups to provide clean diverse sets of seeds from community seed banks to increase production for small holder farmers in both target countries. ICRAF will apply its approaches on participatory species priority setting, fruit tree portfolio development and decentralized innovation and knowledge hubs for technology and material dissemination successfully tested in Kenya for promoting fruit production, processing, marketing and consumption, focusing particularly on the empowerment of women regarding all mentioned topics. ICRAF also developed comprehensive characterization approaches for priority fruit species, including extensive morphological and genetic diversity as well as nutritional content assessments. The mentioned approaches will be modified for the specific objectives of the project and for the conditions in the target countries The specific project outputs include: 1. Assessment of current agro-biodiversity and identification of suitable priority food tree and crop species. 2. Development and validation of food tree and crop portfolios for optimal species and systems productivity and resilience. 3. Access to quality planting materials of validated food tree and crop portfolios for national partners for wide distribution to farmers. 4. Communication and capacity building of farmers and national partners. 5. Project coordination, partnership development and dissemination of scientific results.
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